The OSS API

 soundcard.h

This page is an annotated version of sys/soundcard.h which is a C language header file defining macros used by OSS API. All unsupported and irrelevant features have been removed. This page is based on version 3.5 of OSS driver. Annotations are presented in variable pitch font (like this). Many symbols are links to sections in "OSS Programmer's Guide" covering this particular feature. 

NOTE! This file is presented here just for info. It's not recommended that values used in this file are used directly in programs. 

#ifndef SOUNDCARD_H
#define SOUNDCARD_H

/*
 * Copyright by Hannu Savolainen 1993-1996
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
 * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */


#define SOUND_VERSION   350
#define OPEN_SOUND_SYSTEM
The above macros can be used to differentiate between versions of this file. Two least significant digits (decimal) of SOUND_VERSION define minor version while other digits define the major version (350 means version 3.5). The version number is not necessarily incremented regularily but only in case of a major change. 




Sound card IDs

These soundcard ID's are used to identify devices in some parts of the API. It's not guaranteed that soundcards introduced in future have an unique or fixed number. For this reason it's recommended that these numbers are not used in programs using OSS driver. 
/*
 *      Supported card ID numbers (Should be somewhere else?)
 */

#define SNDCARD_ADLIB           1
#define SNDCARD_SB              2
#define SNDCARD_PAS             3
#define SNDCARD_GUS             4
#define SNDCARD_MPU401          5
#define SNDCARD_SB16            6
#define SNDCARD_SB16MIDI        7
#define SNDCARD_UART6850        8
#define SNDCARD_GUS16           9
#define SNDCARD_MSS             10
#define SNDCARD_PSS             11
#define SNDCARD_SSCAPE          12
#define SNDCARD_PSS_MPU         13
#define SNDCARD_PSS_MSS         14
#define SNDCARD_SSCAPE_MSS      15
#define SNDCARD_TRXPRO          16
#define SNDCARD_TRXPRO_SB       17
#define SNDCARD_TRXPRO_MPU      18
#define SNDCARD_MAD16           19
#define SNDCARD_MAD16_MPU       20
#define SNDCARD_CS4232          21
#define SNDCARD_CS4232_MPU      22
#define SNDCARD_MAUI            23
#define SNDCARD_PSEUDO_MSS      24










Sequencer definitions

/***********************************
* IOCTL Commands for /dev/sequencer
*/

#ifndef _IOWR
/* @(#)ioctlp.h */
/* Ioctl's have the command encoded in the lower word,
* and the size of any in or out parameters in the upper
* word. The high 2 bits of the upper word are used
* to encode the in/out status of the parameter; for now
* we restrict parameters to at most 128 bytes.
*/
/* #define IOCTYPE (0xff<<8) */
#define IOCPARM_MASK      0x7f /* parameters must be < 128 bytes */
#define IOC_VOID          0x00000000 /* no parameters */
#define IOC_OUT           0x20000000 /* copy out parameters */
#define IOC_IN            0x40000000 /* copy in parameters */
#define IOC_INOUT         (IOC_IN|IOC_OUT)
/* the 0x20000000 is so we can distinguish new ioctl's from old */
#define _IO(x,y)          ((int)(IOC_VOID|(x<<8)|y))
#define _IOR(x,y,t)       ((int)(IOC_OUT|((sizeof(t)&IOCPARM_MASK)<<16)|(x<<8)|y))
#define _IOW(x,y,t)       ((int)(IOC_IN|((sizeof(t)&IOCPARM_MASK)<<16)|(x<<8)|y))
/* this should be _IORW, but stdio got there first */
#define _IOWR(x,y,t)      ((int)(IOC_INOUT|((sizeof(t)&IOCPARM_MASK)<<16)|(x<<8)|y))
#endif /* !_IOWR */

#define SNDCTL_SEQ_RESET         _IO ('Q', 0)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_SYNC          _IO ('Q', 1)
#define SNDCTL_SYNTH_INFO        _IOWR('Q', 2, struct synth_info)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_CTRLRATE      _IOWR('Q', 3, int) /* Set/get timer resolution (HZ) */
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_GETOUTCOUNT   _IOR ('Q', 4, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_GETINCOUNT    _IOR ('Q', 5, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_PERCMODE      _IOW ('Q', 6, int)
#define SNDCTL_FM_LOAD_INSTR     _IOW ('Q', 7, struct sbi_instrument) /* Valid for FM only */
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_TESTMIDI      _IOW ('Q', 8, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_RESETSAMPLES  _IOW ('Q', 9, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_NRSYNTHS      _IOR ('Q',10, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_NRMIDIS       _IOR ('Q',11, int)
#define SNDCTL_MIDI_INFO         _IOWR('Q',12, struct midi_info)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_THRESHOLD     _IOW ('Q',13, int)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_TRESHOLD      SNDCTL_SEQ_THRESHOLD /* there was once a typo */
#define SNDCTL_SYNTH_MEMAVL      _IOWR('Q',14, int) /* in=dev#, out=memsize */
#define SNDCTL_FM_4OP_ENABLE     _IOW ('Q',15, int) /* in=dev# */
#define SNDCTL_PMGR_ACCESS       _IOWR('Q',16, struct patmgr_info)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_PANIC         _IO ('Q',17)
#define SNDCTL_SEQ_OUTOFBAND     _IOW ('Q',18, struct seq_event_rec)

struct seq_event_rec {
    unsigned char arr[8];
};

#define SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE      _IOWR('T', 1, int)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_START         _IO ('T', 2)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_STOP          _IO ('T', 3)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_CONTINUE      _IO ('T', 4)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_TEMPO         _IOWR('T', 5, int)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_SOURCE        _IOWR('T', 6, int)
# define TMR_INTERNAL 0x00000001
# define TMR_EXTERNAL 0x00000002
# define TMR_MODE_MIDI 0x00000010
# define TMR_MODE_FSK 0x00000020
# define TMR_MODE_CLS 0x00000040
# define TMR_MODE_SMPTE 0x00000080
#define SNDCTL_TMR_METRONOME     _IOW ('T', 7, int)
#define SNDCTL_TMR_SELECT        _IOW ('T', 8, int)










Patch definitions

/*
* Sample loading mechanism for internal synthesizers (/dev/sequencer)
* The following patch_info structure has been designed to support
* Gravis UltraSound. It tries to be universal format for uploading
* sample based patches but is propably too limited.
*/

struct patch_info {
    unsigned short key; /* Use GUS_PATCH here */
#define GUS_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x04)
#define OBSOLETE_GUS_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x02)

    short device_no; /* Synthesizer number */
    short instr_no; /* Midi pgm# */

    unsigned int mode;
/*
* The least significant byte has the same format than the GUS .PAT
* files
*/
#define WAVE_16_BITS 0x01 /* bit 0 = 8 or 16 bit wave data. */
#define WAVE_UNSIGNED 0x02 /* bit 1 = Signed - Unsigned data. */
#define WAVE_LOOPING 0x04 /* bit 2 = looping enabled-1. */
#define WAVE_BIDIR_LOOP 0x08 /* bit 3 = Set is bidirectional looping. */
#define WAVE_LOOP_BACK 0x10 /* bit 4 = Set is looping backward. */
#define WAVE_SUSTAIN_ON 0x20 /* bit 5 = Turn sustaining on. (Env. pts. 3)*/
#define WAVE_ENVELOPES 0x40 /* bit 6 = Enable envelopes - 1 */
/* (use the env_rate/env_offs fields). */
/* Linux specific bits */
#define WAVE_VIBRATO 0x00010000 /* The vibrato info is valid */
#define WAVE_TREMOLO 0x00020000 /* The tremolo info is valid */
#define WAVE_SCALE 0x00040000 /* The scaling info is valid */
/* Other bits must be zeroed */

    int len; /* Size of the wave data in bytes */
    int loop_start, loop_end; /* Byte offsets from the beginning */

/*
* The base_freq and base_note fields are used when computing the
* playback speed for a note. The base_note defines the tone frequency
* which is heard if the sample is played using the base_freq as the
* playback speed.
*
* The low_note and high_note fields define the minimum and maximum note
* frequencies for which this sample is valid. It is possible to define
* more than one samples for a instrument number at the same time. The
* low_note and high_note fields are used to select the most suitable one.
*
* The fields base_note, high_note and low_note should contain
* the note frequency multiplied by 1000. For example value for the
* middle A is 440*1000.
*/

    unsigned int base_freq;
    unsigned int base_note;
    unsigned int high_note;
    unsigned int low_note;
    int panning; /* -128=left, 127=right */
    int detuning;

/* New fields introduced in version 1.99.5 */

/* Envelope. Enabled by mode bit WAVE_ENVELOPES */
    unsigned char env_rate[ 6 ]; /* GUS HW ramping rate */
    unsigned char env_offset[ 6 ]; /* 255 == 100% */

/*
* The tremolo, vibrato and scale info are not supported yet.
* Enable by setting the mode bits WAVE_TREMOLO, WAVE_VIBRATO or
* WAVE_SCALE
*/

    unsigned char tremolo_sweep;
    unsigned char tremolo_rate;
    unsigned char tremolo_depth;

    unsigned char vibrato_sweep;
    unsigned char vibrato_rate;
    unsigned char vibrato_depth;

    int scale_frequency;
    unsigned int scale_factor; /* from 0 to 2048 or 0 to 2 */

    int volume;
    int spare[4];
    char data[1]; /* The waveform data starts here */
};

struct sysex_info {
    short key; /* Use SYSEX_PATCH here */
#define SYSEX_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x05)
#define MAUI_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x06)
    short device_no; /* Synthesizer number */
    int len; /* Size of the sysex data in bytes */
    unsigned char data[1]; /* Sysex data starts here */
};

As mentioned below the following patch manager ioctl is obsolete.. 

/* 
* Patch management interface (/dev/sequencer, /dev/patmgr#) 
* Don't use these calls if you want to maintain compatibility with 
* the future versions of the driver. 
*/ 

#define PS_NO_PATCHES 0 /* No patch support on device */ 
#define PS_MGR_NOT_OK 1 /* Plain patch support (no mgr) */ 
#define PS_MGR_OK 2 /* Patch manager supported */ 
#define PS_MANAGED 3 /* Patch manager running */ 

#define SNDCTL_PMGR_IFACE _IOWR('P', 1, struct patmgr_info) 





Patch Manager definitions


Patch manager is an undocumented and unsupported feature which is likely to be removed from the driver in future. A new interface will be defined later. 


Sequencer Event definitions

/*
* /dev/sequencer input events.
*
* The data written to the /dev/sequencer is a stream of events. Events
* are records of 4 or 8 bytes. The first byte defines the size.
* Any number of events can be written with a write call. There
* is a set of macros for sending these events. Use these macros if you
* want to maximize portability of your program.
*
* Events SEQ_WAIT, SEQ_MIDIPUTC and SEQ_ECHO. Are also input events.
* (All input events are currently 4 bytes long. Be prepared to support
* 8 byte events also. If you receive any event having first byte >= 128,
* it's a 8 byte event.
*
* The events are documented at the end of this file.
*
* Normal events (4 bytes)
* There is also a 8 byte version of most of the 4 byte events. The
* 8 byte one is recommended.
*/
#define SEQ_NOTEOFF      0
#define SEQ_FMNOTEOFF    SEQ_NOTEOFF /* Just old name */
#define SEQ_NOTEON       1
#define SEQ_FMNOTEON     SEQ_NOTEON
#define SEQ_WAIT         TMR_WAIT_ABS
#define SEQ_PGMCHANGE    3
#define SEQ_FMPGMCHANGE  SEQ_PGMCHANGE
#define SEQ_SYNCTIMER    TMR_START
#define SEQ_MIDIPUTC     5
#define SEQ_DRUMON       6 /*** OBSOLETE ***/
#define SEQ_DRUMOFF      7 /*** OBSOLETE ***/
#define SEQ_ECHO         TMR_ECHO /* For synching programs with output */
#define SEQ_AFTERTOUCH   9
#define SEQ_CONTROLLER   10

/*******************************************
* Midi controller numbers
*******************************************
* Controllers 0 to 31 (0x00 to 0x1f) and
* 32 to 63 (0x20 to 0x3f) are continuous
* controllers.
* In the MIDI 1.0 these controllers are sent using
* two messages. Controller numbers 0 to 31 are used
* to send the MSB and the controller numbers 32 to 63
* are for the LSB. Note that just 7 bits are used in MIDI bytes.
*/

#define CTL_BANK_SELECT      0x00
#define CTL_MODWHEEL         0x01
#define CTL_BREATH           0x02
/* undefined 0x03 */
#define CTL_FOOT             0x04
#define CTL_PORTAMENTO_TIME  0x05
#define CTL_DATA_ENTRY       0x06
#define CTL_MAIN_VOLUME      0x07
#define CTL_BALANCE          0x08
/* undefined 0x09 */
#define CTL_PAN              0x0a
#define CTL_EXPRESSION       0x0b
/* undefined 0x0c */
/* undefined 0x0d */
/* undefined 0x0e */
/* undefined 0x0f */
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE1 0x10
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE2 0x11
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE3 0x12
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE4 0x13
/* undefined 0x14 - 0x1f */

/* undefined 0x20 */
/* The controller numbers 0x21 to 0x3f are reserved for the */
/* least significant bytes of the controllers 0x00 to 0x1f. */
/* These controllers are not recognised by the driver. */

/* Controllers 64 to 69 (0x40 to 0x45) are on/off switches. */
/* 0=OFF and 127=ON (intermediate values are possible) */
#define CTL_DAMPER_PEDAL     0x40
#define CTL_SUSTAIN          0x40 /* Alias */
#define CTL_HOLD             0x40 /* Alias */
#define CTL_PORTAMENTO       0x41
#define CTL_SOSTENUTO        0x42
#define CTL_SOFT_PEDAL       0x43
/* undefined 0x44 */
#define CTL_HOLD2 0x45
/* undefined 0x46 - 0x4f */

#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE5 0x50
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE6 0x51
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE7 0x52
#define CTL_GENERAL_PURPOSE8 0x53
/* undefined 0x54 - 0x5a */
#define CTL_EXT_EFF_DEPTH    0x5b
#define CTL_TREMOLO_DEPTH    0x5c
#define CTL_CHORUS_DEPTH     0x5d
#define CTL_DETUNE_DEPTH     0x5e
#define CTL_CELESTE_DEPTH    0x5e /* Alias for the above one */
#define CTL_PHASER_DEPTH     0x5f
#define CTL_DATA_INCREMENT   0x60
#define CTL_DATA_DECREMENT   0x61
#define CTL_NONREG_PARM_NUM_LSB 0x62
#define CTL_NONREG_PARM_NUM_MSB 0x63
#define CTL_REGIST_PARM_NUM_LSB 0x64
#define CTL_REGIST_PARM_NUM_MSB 0x65
/* undefined 0x66 - 0x78 */
/* reserved 0x79 - 0x7f */

/* Pseudo controllers (not midi compatible) */
#define CTRL_PITCH_BENDER       255
#define CTRL_PITCH_BENDER_RANGE 254
#define CTRL_EXPRESSION         253 /* Obsolete */
#define CTRL_MAIN_VOLUME        252 /* Obsolete */
#define SEQ_BALANCE             11
#define SEQ_VOLMODE             12

/*
* Volume mode decides how volumes are used
*/

#define VOL_METHOD_ADAGIO       1
#define VOL_METHOD_LINEAR       2

/*
* Note! SEQ_WAIT, SEQ_MIDIPUTC and SEQ_ECHO are used also as
* input events.
*/

/*
* Event codes 0xf0 to 0xfc are reserved for future extensions.
*/

#define SEQ_FULLSIZE            0xfd /* Long events */
/*
* SEQ_FULLSIZE events are used for loading patches/samples to the
* synthesizer devices. These events are passed directly to the driver
* of the associated synthesizer device. There is no limit to the size
* of the extended events. These events are not queued but executed
* immediately when the write() is called (execution can take several
* seconds of time).
*
* When a SEQ_FULLSIZE message is written to the device, it must
* be written using exactly one write() call. Other events cannot
* be mixed to the same write.
*
* For FM synths (YM3812/OPL3) use struct sbi_instrument and write it to the
* /dev/sequencer. Don't write other data together with the instrument structure
* Set the key field of the structure to FM_PATCH. The device field is used to
* route the patch to the corresponding device.
*
* For Gravis UltraSound use struct patch_info. Initialize the key field
* to GUS_PATCH.
*/
#define SEQ_PRIVATE 0xfe /* Low level HW dependent events (8 bytes) */
#define SEQ_EXTENDED 0xff /* Extended events (8 bytes) OBSOLETE */

/*
* Record for FM patches
*/

typedef unsigned char sbi_instr_data[32];

struct sbi_instrument {
    unsigned short key; /* FM_PATCH or OPL3_PATCH */
#define FM_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x01)
#define OPL3_PATCH _PATCHKEY(0x03)
    short device; /* Synth# (0-4) */
    int channel; /* Program# to be initialized */
    sbi_instr_data operators; /* Register settings for operator cells (.SBI format) */
};

struct synth_info { /* Read only */
    char name[30];
    int device; /* 0-N. INITIALIZE BEFORE CALLING */
    int synth_type;
#define SYNTH_TYPE_FM 0
#define SYNTH_TYPE_SAMPLE 1
#define SYNTH_TYPE_MIDI 2 /* Midi interface */

    int synth_subtype;
#define FM_TYPE_ADLIB 0x00
#define FM_TYPE_OPL3 0x01
#define MIDI_TYPE_MPU401 0x401

#define SAMPLE_TYPE_GUS 0x10

    int perc_mode; /* No longer supported */
    int nr_voices;
    int nr_drums; /* Obsolete field */
    int instr_bank_size;
    unsigned int capabilities;
#define SYNTH_CAP_PERCMODE 0x00000001 /* No longer used */
#define SYNTH_CAP_OPL3 0x00000002 /* Set if OPL3 supported */
#define SYNTH_CAP_INPUT 0x00000004 /* Input (MIDI) device */
    int dummies[19]; /* Reserve space */
};

struct sound_timer_info {
    char name[32];
    int caps;
};

#define MIDI_CAP_MPU401 1 /* MPU-401 intelligent mode */

struct midi_info {
    char name[30];
    int device; /* 0-N. INITIALIZE BEFORE CALLING */
    unsigned int capabilities; /* To be defined later */
    int dev_type;
    int dummies[18]; /* Reserve space */
};









MIDI definitions

/********************************************
* ioctl commands for the /dev/midi##
*/
typedef struct {
    unsigned char cmd;
    char nr_args, nr_returns;
    unsigned char data[30];
} mpu_command_rec;

#define SNDCTL_MIDI_PRETIME        _IOWR('m', 0, int)
#define SNDCTL_MIDI_MPUMODE        _IOWR('m', 1, int)
#define SNDCTL_MIDI_MPUCMD         _IOWR('m', 2, mpu_command_rec)










Digitized Audio definitions

/********************************************
* IOCTL commands for /dev/dsp and /dev/audio
*/

#define SNDCTL_DSP_RESET _IO ('P', 0)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC _IO ('P', 1)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED _IOWR('P', 2, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_STEREO _IOWR('P', 3, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE _IOWR('P', 4, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SAMPLESIZE SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT
#define SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS _IOWR('P', 6, int)
#define SOUND_PCM_WRITE_FILTER _IOWR('P', 7, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_POST _IO ('P', 8)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SUBDIVIDE _IOWR('P', 9, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT _IOWR('P',10, int)

/* Audio data formats (Note! U8=8 and S16_LE=16 for compatibility) */
#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETFMTS _IOR ('P',11, int) /* Returns a mask */
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT _IOWR('P',5, int) /* Selects ONE fmt*/
# define AFMT_QUERY 0x00000000 /* Return current fmt */
# define AFMT_MU_LAW 0x00000001
# define AFMT_A_LAW 0x00000002
# define AFMT_IMA_ADPCM 0x00000004
# define AFMT_U8 0x00000008
# define AFMT_S16_LE 0x00000010 /* Little endian signed 16*/
# define AFMT_S16_BE 0x00000020 /* Big endian signed 16 */
# define AFMT_S8 0x00000040
# define AFMT_U16_LE 0x00000080 /* Little endian U16 */
# define AFMT_U16_BE 0x00000100 /* Big endian U16 */
# define AFMT_MPEG 0x00000200 /* MPEG (2) audio */

/*
* Buffer status queries.
*/
typedef struct audio_buf_info {
    int fragments;     /* # of available fragments (partially usend ones not counted) */
    int fragstotal;    /* Total # of fragments allocated */
    int fragsize;      /* Size of a fragment in bytes */

    int bytes;         /* Available space in bytes (includes partially used fragments) */
/* Note! 'bytes' could be more than fragments*fragsize */
} audio_buf_info;

#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE _IOR ('P',12, audio_buf_info)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETISPACE _IOR ('P',13, audio_buf_info)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_NONBLOCK _IO ('P',14)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETCAPS _IOR ('P',15, int)
# define DSP_CAP_REVISION 0x000000ff /* Bits for revision level (0 to 255) */
# define DSP_CAP_DUPLEX 0x00000100 /* Full duplex record/playback */
# define DSP_CAP_REALTIME 0x00000200 /* Real time capability */
# define DSP_CAP_BATCH 0x00000400 /* Device has some kind of */
/* internal buffers which may */
/* cause some delays and */
/* decrease precision of timing */
# define DSP_CAP_COPROC 0x00000800 /* Has a coprocessor */
/* Sometimes it's a DSP */
/* but usually not */
# define DSP_CAP_TRIGGER 0x00001000 /* Supports SETTRIGGER */
# define DSP_CAP_MMAP 0x00002000 /* Supports mmap() */

#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETTRIGGER _IOR ('P',16, int)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SETTRIGGER _IOW ('P',16, int)
# define PCM_ENABLE_INPUT 0x00000001
# define PCM_ENABLE_OUTPUT 0x00000002

typedef struct count_info {
    int bytes;   /* Total # of bytes processed */
    int blocks;  /* # of fragment transitions since last time */
    int ptr;     /* Current DMA pointer value */
} count_info;

#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETIPTR _IOR ('P',17, count_info)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_GETOPTR _IOR ('P',18, count_info)

typedef struct buffmem_desc {
    char *buffer;
    int size;
} buffmem_desc;
#define SNDCTL_DSP_MAPINBUF _IOR ('P', 19, buffmem_desc)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_MAPOUTBUF _IOR ('P', 20, buffmem_desc)
#define SNDCTL_DSP_SETSYNCRO _IO ('P', 21)

#define SOUND_PCM_READ_RATE _IOR ('P', 2, int)
#define SOUND_PCM_READ_CHANNELS _IOR ('P', 6, int)
#define SOUND_PCM_READ_BITS _IOR ('P', 5, int)
#define SOUND_PCM_READ_FILTER _IOR ('P', 7, int)

/* Some alias names */
#define SOUND_PCM_WRITE_BITS SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT
#define SOUND_PCM_WRITE_RATE SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED
#define SOUND_PCM_POST SNDCTL_DSP_POST
#define SOUND_PCM_RESET SNDCTL_DSP_RESET
#define SOUND_PCM_SYNC SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC
#define SOUND_PCM_SUBDIVIDE SNDCTL_DSP_SUBDIVIDE
#define SOUND_PCM_SETFRAGMENT SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT
#define SOUND_PCM_GETFMTS SNDCTL_DSP_GETFMTS
#define SOUND_PCM_SETFMT SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT
#define SOUND_PCM_GETOSPACE SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE
#define SOUND_PCM_GETISPACE SNDCTL_DSP_GETISPACE
#define SOUND_PCM_NONBLOCK SNDCTL_DSP_NONBLOCK
#define SOUND_PCM_GETCAPS SNDCTL_DSP_GETCAPS
#define SOUND_PCM_GETTRIGGER SNDCTL_DSP_GETTRIGGER
#define SOUND_PCM_SETTRIGGER SNDCTL_DSP_SETTRIGGER
#define SOUND_PCM_SETSYNCRO SNDCTL_DSP_SETSYNCRO
#define SOUND_PCM_GETIPTR SNDCTL_DSP_GETIPTR
#define SOUND_PCM_GETOPTR SNDCTL_DSP_GETOPTR
#define SOUND_PCM_MAPINBUF SNDCTL_DSP_MAPINBUF
#define SOUND_PCM_MAPOUTBUF SNDCTL_DSP_MAPOUTBUF

/*
* ioctl calls to be used in communication with coprocessors and
* DSP chips.
*/

typedef struct copr_buffer {
    int command; /* Set to 0 if not used */
    int flags;
#define CPF_NONE 0x0000
#define CPF_FIRST 0x0001 /* First block */
#define CPF_LAST 0x0002 /* Last block */
int len;
    int offs; /* If required by the device (0 if not used) */

    unsigned char data[4000]; /* NOTE! 4000 is not 4k */
} copr_buffer;

typedef struct copr_debug_buf {
    int command; /* Used internally. Set to 0 */
    int parm1;
    int parm2;
    int flags;
    int len; /* Length of data in bytes */
} copr_debug_buf;

typedef struct copr_msg {
    int len;
    unsigned char data[4000];
} copr_msg;

#define SNDCTL_COPR_RESET _IO ('C', 0)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_LOAD _IOWR('C', 1, copr_buffer)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_RDATA _IOWR('C', 2, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_RCODE _IOWR('C', 3, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_WDATA _IOW ('C', 4, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_WCODE _IOW ('C', 5, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_RUN _IOWR('C', 6, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_HALT _IOWR('C', 7, copr_debug_buf)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_SENDMSG _IOW ('C', 8, copr_msg)
#define SNDCTL_COPR_RCVMSG _IOR ('C', 9, copr_msg)









Mixer definitions

/*********************************************
* IOCTL commands for /dev/mixer
*/

/*
* Mixer devices
*
* There can be up to 20 different analog mixer channels. The
* SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES gives the currently supported maximum.
* The SOUND_MIXER_READ_DEVMASK returns a bitmask which tells
* the devices supported by the particular mixer.
*/

#define SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES 17
#define SOUND_MIXER_VOLUME 0
#define SOUND_MIXER_BASS 1
#define SOUND_MIXER_TREBLE 2
#define SOUND_MIXER_SYNTH 3
#define SOUND_MIXER_PCM 4
#define SOUND_MIXER_SPEAKER 5
#define SOUND_MIXER_LINE 6
#define SOUND_MIXER_MIC 7
#define SOUND_MIXER_CD 8
#define SOUND_MIXER_IMIX 9 /* Recording monitor */
#define SOUND_MIXER_ALTPCM 10
#define SOUND_MIXER_RECLEV 11 /* Recording level */
#define SOUND_MIXER_IGAIN 12 /* Input gain */
#define SOUND_MIXER_OGAIN 13 /* Output gain */
/*
* The AD1848 codec and compatibles have three line level inputs
* (line, aux1 and aux2). Since each card manufacturer have assigned
* different meanings to these inputs, it's inpractical to assign
* specific meanings (line, cd, synth etc.) to them.
*/
#define SOUND_MIXER_LINE1 14 /* Input source 1 (aux1) */
#define SOUND_MIXER_LINE2 15 /* Input source 2 (aux2) */
#define SOUND_MIXER_LINE3 16 /* Input source 3 (line) */

/* Some on/off settings (SOUND_SPECIAL_MIN - SOUND_SPECIAL_MAX) */
/* Not counted to SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES, but use the same number space */
#define SOUND_ONOFF_MIN 28
#define SOUND_ONOFF_MAX 30

/* Note! Number 31 cannot be used since the sign bit is reserved */


/*
* The following unsupported macros will be removed from the API in near
* future.
*/
#define SOUND_MIXER_ENHANCE 29 /* Enhanced stereo (0, 40, 60 or 80) */
#define SOUND_MIXER_MUTE 28 /* 0 or 1 */
#define SOUND_MIXER_LOUD 30 /* 0 or 1 */



#define SOUND_DEVICE_LABELS {"Vol ", "Bass ", "Trebl", "Synth", "Pcm ", "Spkr ", "Line ", \
"Mic ", "CD ", "Mix ", "Pcm2 ", "Rec ", "IGain", "OGain", \
"Line1", "Line2", "Line3"}

#define SOUND_DEVICE_NAMES {"vol", "bass", "treble", "synth", "pcm", "speaker", "line", \
"mic", "cd", "mix", "pcm2", "rec", "igain", "ogain", \
"line1", "line2", "line3"}

/* Device bitmask identifiers */

#define SOUND_MIXER_RECSRC 0xff /* Arg contains a bit for each recording source */
#define SOUND_MIXER_DEVMASK 0xfe /* Arg contains a bit for each supported device */
#define SOUND_MIXER_RECMASK 0xfd /* Arg contains a bit for each supported recording source */
#define SOUND_MIXER_CAPS 0xfc
# define SOUND_CAP_EXCL_INPUT 0x00000001 /* Only one recording source at a time */
#define SOUND_MIXER_STEREODEVS 0xfb /* Mixer channels supporting stereo */

/* Device mask bits */

#define SOUND_MASK_VOLUME (1 << SOUND_MIXER_VOLUME)
#define SOUND_MASK_BASS (1 << SOUND_MIXER_BASS)
#define SOUND_MASK_TREBLE (1 << SOUND_MIXER_TREBLE)
#define SOUND_MASK_SYNTH (1 << SOUND_MIXER_SYNTH)
#define SOUND_MASK_PCM (1 << SOUND_MIXER_PCM)
#define SOUND_MASK_SPEAKER (1 << SOUND_MIXER_SPEAKER)
#define SOUND_MASK_LINE (1 << SOUND_MIXER_LINE)
#define SOUND_MASK_MIC (1 << SOUND_MIXER_MIC)
#define SOUND_MASK_CD (1 << SOUND_MIXER_CD)
#define SOUND_MASK_IMIX (1 << SOUND_MIXER_IMIX)
#define SOUND_MASK_ALTPCM (1 << SOUND_MIXER_ALTPCM)
#define SOUND_MASK_RECLEV (1 << SOUND_MIXER_RECLEV)
#define SOUND_MASK_IGAIN (1 << SOUND_MIXER_IGAIN)
#define SOUND_MASK_OGAIN (1 << SOUND_MIXER_OGAIN)
#define SOUND_MASK_LINE1 (1 << SOUND_MIXER_LINE1)
#define SOUND_MASK_LINE2 (1 << SOUND_MIXER_LINE2)
#define SOUND_MASK_LINE3 (1 << SOUND_MIXER_LINE3)

#define SOUND_MASK_MUTE (1 << SOUND_MIXER_MUTE)
#define SOUND_MASK_ENHANCE (1 << SOUND_MIXER_ENHANCE)
#define SOUND_MASK_LOUD (1 << SOUND_MIXER_LOUD)

#define MIXER_READ(dev) _IOR('M', dev, int)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_VOLUME MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_VOLUME)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_BASS MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_BASS)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_TREBLE MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_TREBLE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_SYNTH MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_SYNTH)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_PCM MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_PCM)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_SPEAKER MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_SPEAKER)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_LINE MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_LINE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_MIC MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_MIC)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_CD MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_CD)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_IMIX MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_IMIX)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_ALTPCM MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_ALTPCM)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_RECLEV MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_RECLEV)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_IGAIN MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_IGAIN)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_OGAIN MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_OGAIN)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_LINE1 MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_LINE1)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_LINE2 MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_LINE2)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_LINE3 MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_LINE3)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_MUTE MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_MUTE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_ENHANCE MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_ENHANCE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_LOUD MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_LOUD)

#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_RECSRC MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_RECSRC)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_DEVMASK MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_DEVMASK)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_RECMASK MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_RECMASK)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_STEREODEVS MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_STEREODEVS)
#define SOUND_MIXER_READ_CAPS MIXER_READ(SOUND_MIXER_CAPS)

#define MIXER_WRITE(dev) _IOWR('M', dev, int)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_VOLUME MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_VOLUME)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_BASS MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_BASS)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_TREBLE MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_TREBLE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_SYNTH MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_SYNTH)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_PCM MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_PCM)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_SPEAKER MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_SPEAKER)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_LINE MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_LINE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_MIC MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_MIC)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_CD MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_CD)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_IMIX MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_IMIX)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_ALTPCM MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_ALTPCM)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_RECLEV MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_RECLEV)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_IGAIN MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_IGAIN)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_OGAIN MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_OGAIN)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_LINE1 MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_LINE1)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_LINE2 MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_LINE2)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_LINE3 MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_LINE3)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_MUTE MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_MUTE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_ENHANCE MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_ENHANCE)
#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_LOUD MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_LOUD)

#define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE_RECSRC MIXER_WRITE(SOUND_MIXER_RECSRC)










Music Event definitions

/*
* Level 2 event types for /dev/sequencer
*/

/*
* The 4 most significant bits of byte 0 specify the class of
* the event:
*
* 0x8X = system level events,
* 0x9X = device/port specific events, event[1] = device/port,
* The last 4 bits give the subtype:
* 0x02 = Channel event (event[3] = chn).
* 0x01 = note event (event[4] = note).
* (0x01 is not used alone but always with bit 0x02).
* event[2] = MIDI message code (0x80=note off etc.)
*
*/

#define EV_SEQ_LOCAL 0x80
#define EV_TIMING 0x81
#define EV_CHN_COMMON 0x92
#define EV_CHN_VOICE 0x93
#define EV_SYSEX 0x94
/*
* Event types 200 to 220 are reserved for application use.
* These numbers will not be used by the driver.
*/

/*
* Events for event type EV_CHN_VOICE
*/

#define MIDI_NOTEOFF 0x80
#define MIDI_NOTEON 0x90
#define MIDI_KEY_PRESSURE 0xA0

/*
* Events for event type EV_CHN_COMMON
*/

#define MIDI_CTL_CHANGE 0xB0
#define MIDI_PGM_CHANGE 0xC0
#define MIDI_CHN_PRESSURE 0xD0
#define MIDI_PITCH_BEND 0xE0

#define MIDI_SYSTEM_PREFIX 0xF0

/*
* Timer event types
*/
#define TMR_WAIT_REL 1 /* Time relative to the prev time */
#define TMR_WAIT_ABS 2 /* Absolute time since TMR_START */
#define TMR_STOP 3
#define TMR_START 4
#define TMR_CONTINUE 5
#define TMR_TEMPO 6
#define TMR_ECHO 8
#define TMR_CLOCK 9 /* MIDI clock */
#define TMR_SPP 10 /* Song position pointer */
#define TMR_TIMESIG 11 /* Time signature */

/*
* Local event types
*/
#define LOCL_STARTAUDIO 1

#if (!defined(__KERNEL__) && !defined(KERNEL) && !defined(INKERNEL) && !defined(_KERNEL)) || defined(USE_SEQ_MACROS)
/*
* Some convenience macros to simplify programming of the
* /dev/sequencer interface
*
* These macros define the API which should be used when possible.
*/

#ifndef USE_SIMPLE_MACROS
void seqbuf_dump(void); /* This function must be provided by programs */

/* Sample seqbuf_dump() implementation:
*
* SEQ_DEFINEBUF (2048); -- Defines a buffer for 2048 bytes
*
* int seqfd; -- The file descriptor for /dev/sequencer.
*
* void
* seqbuf_dump ()
* {
* if (_seqbufptr)
* if (write (seqfd, _seqbuf, _seqbufptr) == -1)
* {
* perror ("write /dev/sequencer");
* exit (-1);
* }
* _seqbufptr = 0;
* }
*/

#define SEQ_DEFINEBUF(len) unsigned char _seqbuf[len]; int _seqbuflen = len;int _seqbufptr = 0
#define SEQ_USE_EXTBUF() extern unsigned char _seqbuf[]; extern int _seqbuflen;extern int _seqbufptr
#define SEQ_DECLAREBUF() SEQ_USE_EXTBUF()
#define SEQ_PM_DEFINES struct patmgr_info _pm_info
#define _SEQ_NEEDBUF(len) if ((_seqbufptr+(len)) > _seqbuflen) seqbuf_dump()
#define _SEQ_ADVBUF(len) _seqbufptr += len
#define SEQ_DUMPBUF seqbuf_dump
#else
/*
* This variation of the sequencer macros is used just to format one event
* using fixed buffer.
*
* The program using the macro library must define the following macros before
* using this library.
*
* #define _seqbuf name of the buffer (unsigned char[])
* #define _SEQ_ADVBUF(len) If the applic needs to know the exact
* size of the event, this macro can be used.
* Otherwise this must be defined as empty.
* #define _seqbufptr Define the name of index variable or 0 if
* not required.
*/
#define _SEQ_NEEDBUF(len) /* empty */
#endif

#define PM_LOAD_PATCH(dev, bank, pgm) (SEQ_DUMPBUF(), _pm_info.command = _PM_LOAD_PATCH, \
_pm_info.device=dev, _pm_info.data.data8[0]=pgm, \
_pm_info.parm1 = bank, _pm_info.parm2 = 1, \
ioctl(seqfd, SNDCTL_PMGR_ACCESS, &_pm_info))
#define PM_LOAD_PATCHES(dev, bank, pgm) (SEQ_DUMPBUF(), _pm_info.command = _PM_LOAD_PATCH, \
_pm_info.device=dev, memcpy(_pm_info.data.data8, pgm, 128), \
_pm_info.parm1 = bank, _pm_info.parm2 = 128, \
ioctl(seqfd, SNDCTL_PMGR_ACCESS, &_pm_info))

#define SEQ_VOLUME_MODE(dev, mode) {_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr] = SEQ_EXTENDED;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = SEQ_VOLMODE;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = (dev);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = (mode);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+4] = 0;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+5] = 0;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+6] = 0;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+7] = 0;\
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}

/*
* Midi voice messages
*/

#define _CHN_VOICE(dev, event, chn, note, parm) \
{_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr] = EV_CHN_VOICE;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = (dev);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = (event);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = (chn);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+4] = (note);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+5] = (parm);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+6] = (0);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+7] = 0;\
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}

#define SEQ_START_NOTE(dev, chn, note, vol) \
_CHN_VOICE(dev, MIDI_NOTEON, chn, note, vol)

#define SEQ_STOP_NOTE(dev, chn, note, vol) \
_CHN_VOICE(dev, MIDI_NOTEOFF, chn, note, vol)

#define SEQ_KEY_PRESSURE(dev, chn, note, pressure) \
_CHN_VOICE(dev, MIDI_KEY_PRESSURE, chn, note, pressure)

/*
* Midi channel messages
*/

#define _CHN_COMMON(dev, event, chn, p1, p2, w14) \
{_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr] = EV_CHN_COMMON;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = (dev);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = (event);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = (chn);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+4] = (p1);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+5] = (p2);\
*(short *)&_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+6] = (w14);\
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}
/*
* SEQ_SYSEX permits sending of sysex messages. (It may look that it permits
* sending any MIDI bytes but it's absolutely not possible. Trying to do
* so _will_ cause problems with MPU401 intelligent mode).
*
* Sysex messages are sent in blocks of 1 to 6 bytes. Longer messages must be
* sent by calling SEQ_SYSEX() several times (there must be no other events
* between them). First sysex fragment must have 0xf0 in the first byte
* and the last byte (buf[len-1] of the last fragment must be 0xf7. No byte
* between these sysex start and end markers cannot be larger than 0x7f. Also
* lengths of each fragments (except the last one) must be 6.
*
* Breaking the above rules may work with some MIDI ports but is likely to
* cause fatal problems with some other devices (such as MPU401).
*/
#define SEQ_SYSEX(dev, buf, len) \
{int i, l=(len); if (l>6)l=6;\
_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr] = EV_SYSEX;\
for(i=0;i>8)&0xff);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+7] = 0;\
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}
/*
* The following 5 macros are incorrectly implemented and obsolete.
* Use SEQ_BENDER and SEQ_CONTROL (with proper controller) instead.
*/
#define SEQ_PITCHBEND(dev, voice, value) SEQ_V2_X_CONTROL(dev, voice, CTRL_PITCH_BENDER, value)
#define SEQ_BENDER_RANGE(dev, voice, value) SEQ_V2_X_CONTROL(dev, voice, CTRL_PITCH_BENDER_RANGE, value)
#define SEQ_EXPRESSION(dev, voice, value) SEQ_CONTROL(dev, voice, CTL_EXPRESSION, value*128)
#define SEQ_MAIN_VOLUME(dev, voice, value) SEQ_CONTROL(dev, voice, CTL_MAIN_VOLUME, (value*16383)/100)
#define SEQ_PANNING(dev, voice, pos) SEQ_CONTROL(dev, voice, CTL_PAN, (pos+128) / 2)

/*
* Timing and syncronization macros
*/

#define _TIMER_EVENT(ev, parm) {_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+0] = EV_TIMING; \
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = (ev); \
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = 0;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = 0;\
*(unsigned int *)&_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+4] = (parm); \
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}

#define SEQ_START_TIMER() _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_START, 0)
#define SEQ_STOP_TIMER() _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_STOP, 0)
#define SEQ_CONTINUE_TIMER() _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_CONTINUE, 0)
#define SEQ_WAIT_TIME(ticks) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_WAIT_ABS, ticks)
#define SEQ_DELTA_TIME(ticks) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_WAIT_REL, ticks)
#define SEQ_ECHO_BACK(key) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_ECHO, key)
#define SEQ_SET_TEMPO(value) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_TEMPO, value)
#define SEQ_SONGPOS(pos) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_SPP, pos)
#define SEQ_TIME_SIGNATURE(sig) _TIMER_EVENT(TMR_TIMESIG, sig)

/*
* Local control events
*/

#define _LOCAL_EVENT(ev, parm) {_SEQ_NEEDBUF(8);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+0] = EV_SEQ_LOCAL; \
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = (ev); \
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = 0;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = 0;\
*(unsigned int *)&_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+4] = (parm); \
_SEQ_ADVBUF(8);}

#define SEQ_PLAYAUDIO(devmask) _LOCAL_EVENT(LOCL_STARTAUDIO, devmask)
/*
* Events for the level 1 interface only
*/

#define SEQ_MIDIOUT(device, byte) {_SEQ_NEEDBUF(4);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr] = SEQ_MIDIPUTC;\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+1] = (byte);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+2] = (device);\
_seqbuf[_seqbufptr+3] = 0;\
_SEQ_ADVBUF(4);}

/*
* Patch loading.
*/
#define SEQ_WRPATCH(patchx, len) {if (_seqbufptr) seqbuf_dump();\
if (write(seqfd, (char*)(patchx), len)==-1) \
perror("Write patch: /dev/sequencer");}
#define SEQ_WRPATCH2(patchx, len) (seqbuf_dump(), write(seqfd, (char*)(patchx), len))

#endif
#endif

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